农业绿色发展路径及其“十四五”取向

随着农业资源环境问题的凸显,绿色发展成为农业发展的主流。基于对农业绿色发展关键要素的界定,提出农业绿色发展的三个阶段:去污,即农业生产过程的清洁化;提质,实现产地绿色化和产品优质化;增效,绿色成为农业高质量发展的内生动力。近年来,农业绿色发展取得了一定成就,但也存在政策分散、数据基础不牢、农业补贴制度改革进展缓慢、行政执法“一刀切”等问题。“十四五”时期,应以绿色发展驱动农业高质量发展,通过抓落实提高政策实效;注重摸清家底,摒弃部分无数据支撑的量化目标;加强对执法和行政的督察巡查,对政策执行过失加大问责力度;不断深化农业支持保护制度,向绿色生态方向改革。

The Path of Agricultural Green Development and Its Orientation in the 14th Five-Year Plan Period

With the prominent of agricultural resources and environmental issues,green development has become the orientation of agricultural development.Based on the definition of key elements of agricultural green development,three stages of agricultural green development are proposed:decontamina-tion,that is,the cleanliness of agricultural production processes;quality improvement,realizing the green of production areas and high-quality product;efficiency,and green becoming endogenous motivation for agricultural high-quality development.In recent years,certain achievements have been made in green agricultural development.There are also problems such as decentralized policies,a weak data base,slow progress in reforming the agricultural subsidy system,and“one-size-fits-all”administrative enforcement.During the“14th Five-Year Plan”period,to promote high-quality agricultural development with green development,we must improve the quality of policies through focusing on implementation;pay attention to understanding the family base and abandon some quantitative goals without data support;strengthen supervision and inspection of law enforcement and administration,and implement policy faults increase accountability;continue to deepen the reform of the agricultural support and protection system towards a green ecology.