“十四五”时期的农业农村现代化:形势、问题与对策

当前是"十三五"收官和"十四五"谋划的重要时期,恰逢"两个百年目标"交接、精准脱贫与乡村振兴衔接、供给侧结构性改革深化"五期交汇"的重要历史节点。我国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾,体现在农业农村现代化所面临的问题上,则事关消费、技术、业态、成本、要素、制度、供需、基建、生态、民生等多个方面。未来应把握政策改革的方向,在顶层设计上转向城乡融合发展,政策支持更多地向农村发展倾斜,实现财政支农资金集约化和市场化使用,坚持保供给、调结构、转方式并行,统筹国际国内两个市场、两种资源,更加依靠信息化技术促进政策落地,科学制定农业农村现代化"十四五"规划。

Agriculture and Rural Modernization during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period:the Situation,Problems and Countermeasure

The year of 2020 is the important period for the end of“13th Five-Year Plan”and coinciding of the“14th Five-Year Plan”.This period is also the handover of“two centennial goals”,the integration of precision poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,and the period of supply-side structural reforms.In summary,it is a historical node in which five phase confluence.The principal contradiction facing Chinese society in the new era is that between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life.Reflected in the problems facing the agricultural and rural modernization,it is related to consumption,technology,format,cost,factors,system,supply and demand,infrastructure,ecology,people’s livelihood and other aspects.In the future,we need to grasp the direction of policy reform.The reform should focus on the integration of urban and rural development.More support policies should be shifted towards rural development.Intensive and market-oriented use of financial budget for agriculture should be inputted into structure adjustment and sustainable development.Agricultural and rural policies should be coordinated with international“game rule”.In future,the implementation of policies should rely more on information technology.By so doing,“14th Five-Year Plan for Agricultural and Rural Modernization”could be scientifically formulated.