| 三圃制与中古英国的运输革命 |
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| 引用本文： | 沈琦. 三圃制与中古英国的运输革命[J]. 中国农史, 2006, 25(3): 41-47 |
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| 作者姓名： | 沈琦 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国人民大学,历史系,北京,100872 |
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| 摘 要： | 从12世纪开始，三圃制在英国的推广普及使得燕麦有了稳定的产量，加上套马技术的进步，从而为马在经济尤其是交通运输中发挥作用解决了饲料问题和技术问题。到13世纪中叶马已取代牛成为运输的主要畜力，14世纪马车已成为陆路运输的主要工具。中世纪英国的运输革命加速了经济的发展、促进了城乡之间的交流、加深了商品经济的复杂性、密切了农民与市场的联系。
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| 关 键 词： | 三圃制 马 中古英国 运输革命 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-4459（2006）03-0041-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-03-23 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-03-23 |
Three-Course Cropping and Transport Revolution of Medieval England |
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| SHEN Qi. Three-Course Cropping and Transport Revolution of Medieval England[J]. Agricultural History of China, 2006, 25(3): 41-47 |
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| Authors: | SHEN Qi |
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| Affiliation: | School of History, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872 |
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| Abstract: | From 12~(th) century the popularity of three-course cropping guaranteed the steady output of oat and resolved the fodder of horse which played important role in transport.By 1250 horses replaced oxen as the primary hauling animal and by 14th century cart-horses outnumbered back-horses.The Transport Revolution of medieval England speeded up the development and complexity of medieval economy,advanced the urban prosperity and interaction between the towns and rural areas,and strengthened the link between peasants and market. |
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| Keywords: | Three-course cropping horse medieval england transport revolution |
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