基于灰关联分析的中美社会物流成本比较研究

本文从中美两国社会物流成本入手,阐述了中美社会物流成本构成内容及其差异;应用灰关联分析方法分析了1996-2010年中美两国物流总成本、运输成本、存货持有成本、物流行政管理成本与GDP灰关联程度、差异性及其成因,深入了解社会物流成本构成中的哪些因素与GDP 之间的动态过程发展态势的量化比较和关系密切程度,在此基础上提出了降低我国社会物流成本的对策建议.研究结果显示:中国物流总成本及三方面成本构成占GDP的比例呈下降趋势,但与GDP的关联度均高于美国的相关数据,且中国的存货持有成本、运输成本与GDP关联度分别高出美国这两项指标的50.08%和19.49%.因此,降低社会物流成本,优化社会物流成本结构,将是促进我国物流发展的关键问题之一

Comparative Study of China and USA Logistics Cost based on Gray Relational Analysis

By the comparisons between the social logistics cost in China and USA,this paper mainly discusses the constitution of the two countries’ social logistics cost and their differences.Supported by the gray relational analysis method,it analyzes the trends of total logistics cost change in the two countries from 1996 to 2010,the correlations between their GDP,transportation cost,inventory carrying cost,and logistics administration cost,their differences and causes as well.The study aims to further understand which factors in social logistics cost constitution have highest correlation with the development trend of the dynamic process in GDP in terms of their comparisons.It has proposed some suggestions about how to lower the logistics cost in China.The findings show that proportions of China total logistics cost and three components of logistics cost in GDP tend to be lower than before.Whereas the correlations between GDP and the three costs respectively in China are higher than those in the USA.That is,the correlation between GDP and inventory carrying cost is 50.08% higher than that in the USA,and the correlation between GDP and transportation cost is 19.49% higher than that in the USA.It proposes that the key issues to improve China logistics development are to lower the logistics cost,and optimize the logistics cost structure.