中日钢铁企业效率比较研究

尽管我国钢铁产量已跃居世界首位,但钢铁大国不等于强国,我国钢铁企业在技术、规模等方面与世界发达国家还存在较大差距.日本自上世纪70年代以来成为世界上最大的钢铁强国,并保持了20余年,技术与规模正是其长盛不衰的主要原因.本文使用2004-2009年中日钢铁企业面板数据,运用目前较为先进的投入产出理论和效率与生产率分析方法对两国钢铁企业效率进行比较分析,结果发现中国钢铁企业整体上快速进步但技术效率下降,可谓大而不强,日本钢铁企业中大中型钢铁企业的全要素生产率的提升速度要快于中小型钢铁企业,规模与技术优势明显,呈现衰而不弱,因此,提高技术投入、扩大企业规模、提高产业集中度是中国钢铁产业做强的必由之路

A Comparative Study on the Efficiency of Sino-Japanese Steel Industry

While China’s steel output has ranked first in the world,but does not mean a powerful steel industry.China’s steel enterprises are far behind world’s developed steel corporates in the technology and scale.Japan has become the world’s first iron and steel producer and exporter for more than 20years since the 1970s,technology and scale is the main reason for its enduring.This article uses the 2004-2009 Sino-Japan steel industry panel data,estimate the efficiency of steel companies and find that Chinese steel companies’ developing fast but with la low technology efficiency,showing big but not strong,steel companies in Japan still have great technology and scale advantage,showing decline but not weak.Increasing technology investment,expand business scale,increased industrial concentration is the only way for China’s steel industry to be stronger.