企业对外直接投资对空气质量改善的影响

本文采用2009~2020年254个企业OFDI及所处城市空气污染数据进行研究,研究发现:(1)OFDI对空气污染的影响显著为负,即企业对外直接投资能够改善地区空气质量;(2)企业对外直接投资对空气质量的影响存在结构效应和技术效应,OFDI通过产业结构升级和技术进步等方式改善空气质量存在最优区间;(3)对外直接投资对国内环境的影响存在异质性,就东道国而言,对高度开放且环境规制程度良好的东道国进行投资能有效降低母国的空气污染水平;就母国而言,处于严重空气污染地区的非国有企业进行对外直接投资可使空气质量得到更显著的改善。

The Impact of Outward Foreign Direct Investment on Air Quality Improvement

Based on the OFDI data of 254 Chinese enterprises from 2009 to 2020,this paper matches the air pollution index data in city level.Firstly,it is found that OFDI significantly reduces the air pollution level and improve air quality.Secondly,there are both technique and structure effects in OFDI-Air Pollution Model,which means OFDI can reduce pollutant emissions through the structural upgrading and technological progress within a permissive extent.Thirdly,the impacts of OFDI on domestic environment are heterogeneous.From the perspective of host country,the investment in highly open and well regulated host country can effectively reduce air pollution level of home country.From the perspective of home country,the empirical analysis shows that the OFDI by non-state-owned enterprises in high pollution can significantly improve air quality.