西部大开发20年人力资本时空演变及影响因素分析

本文采用基于劳动收入的人力资本测算法,对西部大开发以来西部89个城市的人力资本存量进行时空演变分析与影响因素探究,以期为更好的发挥人力资本在新时代推进西部大开发形成新格局中的作用提供参考。研究发现:从时序特征来看,各城市的人力资本存量呈现不同程度的增长趋势,但人力资本分布不平衡现象比较突出,人均人力资本绝对差异增大,相对差异减小;从空间特征来看,人均人力资本在空间变化上呈现出非均衡的分异特征,高值区多分布于西南地区与五大城市群城市;从影响因素来看,经济发展水平、产业结构、营商环境、创新水平、政府教育投入、基础教育质量、医疗卫生水平对西南与西北地区的人均人力资本均具有显著的正向促进作用。

Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Influencing Factors of Human Capital in the 20 Years of Western Development

Using the human capital calculation method based on labor income,this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of the human capital stock of 89 western cities since the western development,in order to provide decision-making reference for giving better play to the role of human capital in promoting the western development and forming a new pattern in the new era.It is found that:from the time series characteristics,the human capital stock of each city shows an increasing trend in varying degrees,but the imbalance of human capital distribution is more prominent,the absolute difference of per capita human capital increases and the relative difference decreases.From the perspective of spatial characteristics,per capita human capital shows unbalanced differentiation characteristics in spatial changes.High value areas are mostly distributed in Southwest China and five major urban agglomerations.From the perspective of influencing factors,the level of economic development,industrial structure,business environment,innovation level,government investment in education,the quality of basic education and the level of medical and health care all have a significant positive role in promoting the per capita human capital in southwest and Northwest China.