Accessibility and Transit-Oriented Development in European metropolitan areas |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Netherlands;2. Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Netherlands;1. School of Civil Engineering and the Built Environment, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.;2. School of Earth Environment and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.;3. School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, BT37 0QB Northern Ireland, UK;4. School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.;1. School of Civil Engineering and the Built Environment, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;2. School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia;3. School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK;4. Institute of Transport Studies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia;5. McCaughey VicHealth Centre for Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;6. School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia;1. Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands;2. Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa;1. Department of Real Estate and Built Environment, National Taipei University, 151 University Road, San Shia District, New Taipei City, 23741, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Architecture, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, ROC |
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| Abstract: | This study investigates how urban form is related to accessibility. In particular, it explores the relationship between Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) and rail-based accessibility in a metropolitan area. The following overarching questions are addressed: Does a TOD-informed urban spatial structure correlate with high rail based accessibility? Which features of TOD are correlated to rail-based accessibility? These questions are answered through a comparative analysis of six metropolitan areas in Europe. The “TOD degree”, operationalized as the extent to which urban development is concentrated along rail corridors and stations, is correlated with a cumulative opportunity measure of rail-based accessibility to jobs and inhabitants.The comparison demonstrates that rail-based accessibility is higher in urban areas where inhabitants and jobs are more concentrated around the railway network and in lesser measure in urban areas with higher values of network connectivity. No correlation is found between rail-based accessibility and average densities of inhabitants and jobs. |
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| Keywords: | Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Accessibility |
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