Carbon footprint of tourism in Barcelona |
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| Institution: | 1. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;2. Inèdit, Inèdit Innovació, S.L. UAB Research Park, Eureka Building, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;3. Barcelona Regional – Urban Development Agency, Carrer 60, 25-27, Edifici Z. 2a planta, Sector A. Zona Franca, 08040, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;4. Barcelona City Council, Carrer Llacuna 162, 08018, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;1. Head of the Digital Marketing Specialization, Technology Marketing Department, Sapir Academic College, i24news Technology Contributor, Israel;2. Department of Hotel & Tourism Management, Guillford Glazer Faculty of Business & Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel;1. University Complutense of Madrid, Spain;2. University of Granada, Spain;3. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile;4. University of Jaén, Spain;1. Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Box 483, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;2. MECO P.C., Technopolis Thessaloniki ICT Business Park, 55535 Pylaia, Greece;1. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering, Avenida Horácio Macedo 2030, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil;2. Bournemouth University, Faculty of Management, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom;1. Department of Service Management and Service Studies, Lund University, Box 882, 25108 Helsingborg, Sweden;2. School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden;3. Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada;4. Department of Management, Marketing and Entrepreneurship, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | This study evaluates the carbon footprint (CF) of Barcelona tourist activity taking into account the above 30 million visitors who visit the city every year. This study analyzes the main sources of emissions considering direct (Scope 1) and indirect emissions (Scope 2 and 3) as a consequence of energy use. This research has been carried out in close collaboration with Barcelona City Council and in the context of the new Strategic Tourism Plan for Barcelona city. The impacts of arrival and departure transport, accommodation, leisure and professional activities and Intra-urban transport from Barcelona city were all included. The total CF of Barcelona tourist activity is about 9.6MtCO2eq/year, which represents an emission of 96.9 kg CO2eq/visitor·day. The main source of emissions is arrival and departure transport (95.6%), and particularly aviation. These results show that if substantial reductions in CO2 emissions are to be achieved, initiatives strategically focused on transport and also accommodation are necessary. |
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| Keywords: | Carbon dioxide emissions Energy Sustainable tourism Air transport Greenhouse gas City level |
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