世界油气工业空间结构模式初探

从世界油气资源的空间结构入手，根据其与社会经济空间结构的耦合关系，提出世界油气工业三大空间结构模式，即协同发展(就近供应)模式、通道发展模式和点轴发展模式，以期能为我国油气工业的发展提供有益的思路和借鉴。

AN INITIAL RESEARCH IN THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF THE WORLD'S OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

According to the mutuality between the spatial structure of the oil and gas resources and the spatial structure of the social economy, this paper preludes with the present condition of the oil and gas resources in the world, and then poses three major spatial structure patterns of the oil and gas industry, expounding the mechanism of them:1.Coordinative development pattern. That is to say, there are some oil fields close to the economic centers, making it possible that the oil and gas industry grows up there in coordination with the regional economic space. Take Atlantic mid-shore oil & gas industry region of America for example.2.Passage development pattern. This pattern can be divided into two kinds of subschema. (1) Pipeline pattern. That is to transport oil and gas by pipelines from oil fields to consumer centers, forming a comet-like spatial structure of the oil and gas industry. One long-distance oil and gas pipeline is like a tail of comet, which trends to go to the developed cities, with which as pivots, an oil and gas economic network forms. Take pipeline networks of Soviet Union and North America for example.(2) Sea Routes pattern. That is to transport oil and gas to consumer areas by sea, forming a T-like spatial structure of the oil and gas industry. In this T, one line refers to the sea route, and the other represents the beads-like seaboard industry belt. Take the Pacific seaboard industry belt of Japan for example.3. Growth Poles & Axes pattern. This pattern can also be divided into two kinds of subschema.(1) Geographical industry synthesis pattern. That is to open up the oil and gas industry as sunrise department in the developing regions, counting on its mighty driving function and wide contact, to lead these regions into integrative development. Take the oil & gas industry synthesis along the Gulf of Mexico for example.(2) Growth Axis pattern. That is to cultivate a series of industry centering on the utilization of oil and gas along pipelines, forming a zonal economic system. Regions along pipelines are easy to get supply of good fuel and chemical materials, which will draw industrial elements to cluster along, forming new social economic axes. The authors hope that these analyses will offer an valuable practice way to the development of oil and gas industry in our country.