中国青少年生殖健康可及性调查基础数据报告

目的是了解中国未婚青少年性与生殖健康的知识、态度和行为现状,评价青少年性与生殖健康服务的可得性与可及性,为改善青少年的性与生殖健康可及性提供政策支持。利用分层和概率比例规模抽样相结合的四阶段混合的抽样方法,用结构化问卷对15-24岁未婚青少年的三类子总体进行匿名一对一面访式调查。青少年整体缺乏全面正确的生殖健康知识,22.4%的青少年具有性经历。首次和最近一次性行为中,未采取任何避孕措施的比例分别为51.2%和21.4%。在有性经历的女性青少年中,怀孕率为21.3%,多次怀孕率为4.9%。书/杂志、同学/朋友、学校老师、网络以及电影/电视是青少年生殖健康知识的五大来源。学校课程对青少年的性与生殖健康知识具有积极作用,但青少年参加相关课程/讲座的比例不足40%。50%以上的咨询和治疗需求未实现。分析了原因,提出了对策和建议。

Survey of Youth Access to Reproductive Health in China

This survey aims to determine the sexual and reproductive heath (SRH)knowledge,attitudes and practices of youth,assess the availability and accessibility of SRH services,and provide support for policy improvement on youth SRH accessibility.The surveys used face-to-face interviews with structured questionnaires.And four stages of mixed sampling methods which combined stratified sampling and probability proportionate to size sampling is used.Survey results shows:Youth's SRH knowledge is limited;22.4% of youth have sexual experience.The percentage of not using any contraceptive method at first and last sexual behavior is 51.2% and 21.4% respectively.Among female youth who have sexual behavior,the pregnancy rate is 21.3% and repeat pregnancy rate is 4.9%.Book/magazine,classmate/friend,teacher,network,and cinema/TV are the five main knowledge sources for youth.School based sexuality education have a positive effect on youth SRH knowledge,however,the percentage of youth who attended these course is less than 40%.More than 50% counseling and treatment demand of youth is not fulfilled and the reason for unmet demand is"embarrassment","not serious"and"don't know whom to consult/what agencies to turn to".In all,present situation(availability,accessibility,acceptability,and quality)of sexual and reproductive health is worrying.The four following suggestions are proposed:multisectoral approach to improve youth SRH,gender-sensitive policies,focusing on disadvantaged and vulnerable youth group,and youth-friendly information and services within a supportive environment.