要素市场扭曲下农业绿色全要素生产率测度及效应研究

基于非径向非角度的SBM方向性距离函数构建Malmquist生产率指数,考虑碳排放和农业面源污染等非期望产出,测算中国28个省份1997—2018年农业绿色全要素生产率,最后采用空间杜宾模型探讨要素市场扭曲下农业绿色全要素生产率空间影响。研究结果表明:考虑碳排放和农业面源污染等非期望产出的农业绿色全要素生产率更符合中国农业高质量绿色发展的实际水平;中国农业全要素生产率提升多数源于农业技术进步,较少出现农业技术进步和技术效率双轮助推的情形;农业绿色全要素生产率呈现增长趋势,但增速较缓慢,且不同地域存在显著差异;要素市场扭曲抑制了农业绿色全要素生产率提升,具有空间溢出效应。

Measurement and Effect of Agricultural Green TFP under Factor Market Distortion

Based on the non radial and non angle SBM directional distance function,Malmquist productivity index is constructed.Considering the unexpected output such as carbon emission and agricultural non-point source pollution,the agricultural green total factor productivity of 28 provinces(cities and autonomous regions)in China from 1997 to 2018 is calculated.Finally,the spatial Durbin model is used to explore the spatial impact of agricultural green TFP under the distortion of factor market.The results show that:the agricultural green total factor productivity considering carbon emissions and agricultural non-point source pollution is more in line with the actual level of high-quality green development of China’s agriculture;the improvement of agricultural total factor productivity in China is mostly due to agricultural technology progress,and there is less double boost of agricultural technology progress and technical efficiency;although the green total factor productivity shows a growth trend,the growth rate is slow,and there are significant differences in different regions;factor market distortion has a negative impact on agricultural green total factor productivity and has a certain spatial spillover effect,which hinders the synchronous growth of agricultural green total factor productivity in different regions.