政府保障房供求补贴的不同效果

解决中低收入人群的基本住房问题是实现社会公平的基本国策之一。为了有效地实施保障性安居工程,通过构建数学模型研究在财政补贴率相同的条件下,住房消费补贴与住房供给补贴的成交价格、成交量与社会福利情况,可以发现这两者之间存在较大的差别,前者的成交价格、成交量和社会福利都高于后者,但前者比后者的财政补贴额更多。如果提高财政补贴率,那么前者成交价格会不断提高,而后者成交价格会不断降低,成交量都会呈现扩大趋势。成交价格、成交量和社会福利不但与财政补贴率及其补贴方式有关,也与住房的需求弹性和供给弹性有关。研究结论的政策意义在于,如果在政府财力有限、住房价格上涨压力较大的条件下,应当采用住房供给补贴;如果在政府财力相对宽松、住房价格上涨压力相对较小、依靠住房拉动经济增长的压力较大的条件下,则应当采用住房消费补贴,同时它还能实现公平与效率兼顾的目的。无论是采用住房消费补贴还是住房供给补贴,都应当增大供给弹性,减小需求弹性。

On the Different Effect of Affordable Housing Allowance Provided by Government between Supply and Demand

The government solves the basic housing problem of low-income group, which is one of the basic national policy to achieve social fairness. The paper studied the transaction price, volume, and social welfare between housing consumer allowance and housing supply allowance under the same government allowance rate conditions by constructing a mathematical model. It is shown there is a large difference between the former and the latter, the former is more than the latter, but the amount of financial allowance of the former is more than the latter. If we raise the rate of financial allowance, the transaction price of the former will increase, while that of the latter will reduce, but the amount of their transactions will increase. Transaction price, transaction amount, and social welfare is not only related to the financial allowance rate, but also related to the elasticity of demand and supply elasticity of housing. Policy conclusions Of the study is that it should be taken to housing supply allowance under the conditions of the limited government financial resources and the big rose pressure of housing prices, it should be taken to housing consumer allowance under the conditions of the relatively loose government finances, the little rose pressure of housing prices and stimulating economic growth by the construction of housing. Whether housing consumption allowance or housing supply allowance should increase the elasticity of supply, reduce the elasticity demand.