西学东渐与清末民初安徽传统社会观念风气变化

社会观念、社会风气的转变是社会变迁的一个重要方面。清末民初安徽传统的"重义理,轻艺事"观念、"重农轻商""重儒轻商"观念的动摇,男女平等观念开始出现端倪,旧的生活方式和政治生活方式的些许变化及读新书、阅报刊、学外语、出国留学等新风气的出现,表明清末民初安徽传统的社会观念、社会风气在一定程度上、一定范围内有了异于传统的变化。这些变化,既是外力冲击的结果,也是安徽自身为适应时代的变化而不断自我调整的结果。但这些变化主要是发生在城市、城镇及社会上层,广大农村及社会下层的观念、风气还是较为保守的,对安徽社会来说,要使变化从点发展到面,从上延伸到下,还需要一段路程要走。

The Introduction of Western Learning to the East and the Change of Traditional Social Attitudes in Anhui from the Late Qing Dynasty to Early China

The transformation of social attitudes and convention is an important aspect of social changes.The traditional ideas,such as "Valuing learning and DesPising skill matter","Emphasizing agriculture and Looking down on trade","Worshiping Confucianism and Despising businessman",were popular in Anhui from the late Qing Dynasty to early China.With the development of the society,the equal claim between men and women started to appear.And such changes also reflected the old way of life andpolitical transformation.People came to read new knowledge and newspapers,learning foreign language and going abroad to study and so on.Yet,these changes mainly occurred in the cities,towns and among the upper class.Generally speaking,it was conservative for the lower class in rural.In old Anhui,there was still a long way to go from the extended change to the next.