城市供水产业价格规制问题与对策——基于天津市的调查研究

对城市供水产业来说,其产品既有商品特性,又有公共必需品特性,更与水资源的制约和环境保护紧密关联,同时自然垄断特性限制了竞争机制的引入。近些年来,天津市城市供水价格改革取得较大成就,但仍然存在价格形成机制不完善、水价管理体制不合理等问题。为此,必须转变政府干预市场方式,克服市场监管中的"错位"与"越位"现象;建立健全公共财政补贴机制,克服政府在供水领域公共服务职能的"缺位";建立统一的水资源费征收标准体系,逐步实现城市供水"同城同质同网同价";完善水价形成机制,切实推进天津市城市供水产业市场化进程。

Price Regulations of the Urban Water Supply Industry in Tianjin:Problems and Solutions

For city water supply industry,its products have not only goods and public necessities features,but also are closely associated with environmental protection and the constraints of water resources.What’s more,it’s natural that monopoly limits the introduction of competition mechanism.In recent years,the urban water price reform in Tianjin has made great achievement,but the price formation mechanism is still imperfect and the price of water management system is still unreasonable.Therefore,we must change the way of government intervention in the market and overcome the "dislocation"and "offside" phenomenon in market supervision.It is proposed that a sound public financial subsidies mechanism be established so as to overcome the "dislocation" of government function in the field of public service;in the meantime a unified water fee collection standard system be established in order to realize the urban water supply "homogeneous city with nets price"gradually.It is also proposed that the price formation mechanism be improved to promote the process of marketization of the Tianjin urban water supply industry.