企业的研发外包:一个综述

企业在研发外包的过程中通常会面临着由合同的不完全性、知识的非独占性以及累积性创新的不完全替代性所带来的各类成本,而研发外包之所以能够更多地进行是因为在现实操作中存在着缓解这类成本的治理机制。在此基础上,本文以企业为主要参考点通过文献综述重点考察了作为治理机制的研发外包的最优组织形式,研发外包中的合同设计以及公共政策层面和企业层面的知识产权保护措施。尽管上述不同层面上的知识产权保护措施在一定程度上可以缓解信息泄漏问题,但知识产权保护强度的增加并不一定就能够促进企业更多地进行研发外包。为此,本文还考察了知识产权保护强度与企业研发外包决策的关系。

R&D OUTSOURCING OF THE FIRM:A SURVEY

In the process of R&D outsourcing,firms are usually faced with the costs caused by contractual incompleteness,non-appropriability of knowledge and imperfect substitution of incremental innovation.In light of this,the reason why firms still outsource their R&D is because there are many governance mechanisms that can mitigate the costs.Therefore,we will examine through the literature survey the mechanisms which are often used in the process of R&D outsourcing such as the optimal organizational forms,contract ...