论基于物权路径引入发展权之不可行性

研究目的:通过比较分析,揭示基于物权路径引入发展权之不可行性,以期为发展权本土化研究路径的改进提供思路。研究方法:比较分析法,文献分析法。研究结果:在立法技术层面,根植于产权范式的发展权,不具备物权客体之要件,并与物权法定和所有权单一性原则相冲突。在法律逻辑层面,TDR实施的个案性与物权的对世性相矛盾,所引证的双重所有权理论和英国发展权国有化的规定失之于偏颇,土地用途管制是国家行使规划权而非发展权的结果,试图藉由地方性法规创设发展权的思路也不符合《立法法》之规定。研究结论:基于物权路径引入发展权是不可行的,未来应抛弃"机械式"移植观,沿着准物权和提高管制效率的方向,探索引入发展权的可能路径与方案。

The Infeasibility of Establishing Land Development Rights in China based on the Path of Real Rights

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the infeasibility of establishing land development rights in China based on the path of real rights, so as to improve the research route on localization of land development rights. Method of comparative analysis and documentation were employed. The results indicate that, in the aspect of legislative technology, land development rights rooted in the property rights paradigm do not have the elements of the object of real rights, which is conflicted with the principle of statutory real rights and single ownership. In the aspect of legal logic, TDR implementation based on cases conflict with real right in rem, the citation of dual ownership theory and nationalization of land development rights in Britain is unilateral. Land use regulation is the results of the state to exercise planning power instead of land development rights. The idea of trying to create land development rights through local regulations conflicts with the legislation law. It is concluded that establishing land development rights to China based on the path of real rights is infeasible. We should abandon the concept of mechanical transplantation and seek possible way for establishing land development rights along with the direction of quasi-property and improving regulation efficiency.