Spectator communities and entrepreneurial districts

Attempts are made to structure the principles of the new volatile economy. Industrial districts in Italy and the Japanese model are seen as restricting cases, and Denmark’s open economy and SMEs are discussed. Spectator communities are offered as an analytical tool to understand why entrepreneurial activity is so unevenly distributed even in a small institutionally coherent society such as the Danish. Spectator communities may also be an object for political regulation to improve entrepreneurial activity in deindustrializing regions.