一个有关行为的利己性和利他性之划界标准——基于“为己利他”行为机理的分析

基于行为的目的—手段这一角度,可以更好地对人类行为中的利己主义和利他主义进行区分。正是基于这一视角,我们可以从真实世界中抽象出＂为己利他＂行为机理。它不仅可以将利他和利己统一起来,而且有助于理解社会秩序的扩展。一般地,需求层次越高、社会性越强,个体的通感能力越强,移情效应就越显著,个人在追求自身利益的同时也就越能关注相关者的利益,从而更倾向于遵循＂为己利他＂行为机理。

A Demarcation's Principle Between Egoism or Altruism About Human Action -An Analysis Based on the Behavior Mechanism of "for Oneself by Benefiting Others"

The egoism and altruism of human action can get effectively distinguished with the angle of aim-means.In fact,we can educe a basic behaviour mechanism of ＂for oneself by benefiting others＂.Obviously,this behaviour mechanism not only can unity the egoism and altruism,but also can help to understand the extension of social order.Generally speaking,the higher the level of demand is,and the stronger the sociality is,then,the stronger individual sense is and the more marked the empathy affection is.As a result,the subject can care more about others’interest when he pursues his propose,which means that his action follows the behavior mechanism of ＂for oneself by benefiting others＂.