中国就业岗位开发与创业扶持政策

本文根据对北京、上海和苏州三个试点城市及其他10余个城市实施积极就业政策的调查及国际比较，初步评估了中国实施积极就业政策尤其是针对国有企业下岗职工的创业扶持政策的成效和局限。文章认为，中国在特殊背景下实施积极就业政策是必要的，效果也是比较显著的，但随着劳动就业形势的变化，对积极就业政策的实施效果有必要进行认真的评估，并在此基础上进行适当的调整。

Evaluation on Job Creation Policies in China

As the opposite of social security and unemployment benefit system, the active policies including training, job services and job creations are playing very important role in the labor market. China has practiced the active policies since 1990's due to the huge pressure of the plenty of laid off workers and unemployment people from state-owned enterprises. We had studied the practice and its effectiveness of the job creation policies based on more than ten cities field investigations. They are necessary and effective in some extent but also some weakness and problems. Government should encourage people to make business by themselves in order to create more jobs and let the market play more important role in order to build more flexible labor market.