税率调整、产权安排与实际税负差异——基于两税合并的经验证据

 本文研究了所得税外生性变化对不同产权性质企业实际税收负担的影响。研究发现：（1）新企业所得税法实施后国有企业和民营企业的整体税负以及法定税率下降的国有企业和民营企业的实际税负都有所下降，而且两类企业实际税负下降幅度无差异；（2）新企业所得税法对企业实际税负的调节效应在2008年释放完毕，2009年公司实际税负没有发生持续性变化；（3）进一步的证据表明，新税法实施后国有企业和民营企业整体税负无显著差异。

Tax Rate Adjustment,Property Rights Arrangement and Actual Tax Burden Differences——Empirical Data from Consolidation of the Two Taxes

Grasping the opportunity of corporate income tax reform which was introduced in 2008 and combining property institution difference, we study the effect of the exogenous corporate income tax law change on the actual tax burden of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises. It draws the major conclusions as follows: (1) the law has brought the actual average tax burden of the two kinds of listed companies, especially the state-owned enterprises and private enterprises with statutory tax rate reduced during the tax reform, down in 2008, and ETR’s variation for state-owned enterprises and private enterprises is almost the same; (2) the moderating effect of the new Enterprise Income Tax Law on real tax burden completely released in 2008, the ETR of listed companies hasn't gone further down in 2009; (3) furthermore, after the tax reform, these two kinds of enterprises’ ETR has no difference. All conclusions above suggest that firm's actual tax burden has declined after the tax reform, and the new Enterprise Income Tax Law brings equal legal status for state-owned enterprises and private enterprises.