中国城镇个人收入流动性研究

利用中国社会科学院经济研究所收入分配课题组1995年和2002年两次城镇居民住户调查数据,本文对城镇个人收入的流动性进行了经验分析,发现在1998—2002年间中国城镇个人的收入流动性比1991—1995年间显著下降。这种下降是全局性的,即不同特征人群的收入流动性都呈现出同步下降的趋势。1991—1995年间出现的较高的收入流动性,其结果是低文化程度者、退休人员和集体企业职工等人群迅速沉入收入分布的底层,而金融业人员、机关事业单位人员和管理人员等人群迅速升至收入分布的顶层。而1998—2002年期间,收入流动性的降低使得收入阶层的分化趋于稳定化。

Income Mobility in Urban China

Using the large sample datasets in 1995 and 2002's China Household Income Surveys conducted by Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, this paper studies income mobility in urban China. The results indicate that income mobility is lower between 1998 and 2002 than that in the period from 1991 to1995, which occurs for all population groups. Further breakdown reveals that less educated persons, retirees and employees of collective enterprises fell into the lower income stratum, while employees in financial sectors, government and institutions and managers moved to the higher income stratum between 1991 and 1995, which continued into the period from 1998 to 2002. High income mobility between 1991 and 1995 seems to be ephemeral under economic transition. With the increased stabilization of economic structure, however, income mobility in urban China decreased.