商业性矿产勘查活动的市场主体和市场规则

矿产品是私人物品,采矿是营利性活动,作为采矿业生产要素投入的矿产资源产地也应属于私人物品,因此矿产勘查属于商业性活动。商业性矿产勘查制度建设和政策设计的基本目标,是调动社会资本投入的积极性。以矿产勘查为主业的地勘单位,企业化改革的目标是成为矿权市场主体。地勘单位要积极主动加快改制为企业;国家要在制度建设、政策扶持和资金投入三个方面提供服务。国家投入资金,宜采取充实国有企业资本和对所有企业提供风险补贴两种形式,不宜沿用立项审批这种由政府直接经营矿产勘查项目的传统做法。

Market Subject and Market Regulations of Mineral Resource Commercial Prospecting

Mineral products belong to private things. Mining is profitable action. Mining allotment, as the input of production essential factors of mining industry, also belongs to private things. Therefore mineral resource prospecting belongs to commercial action. Essential aims of institution formulation and policy formulation of mineral resource commercial prospecting consist in arousing the enthusiasm of various capital inputs. Mineral resource prospecting is essential production project of geological and exploiting units, target of their reform from institutions into enterprises should be in making them as the market subjects of mining rights. Geological and exploiting units should actively participate in transformation from institutions into enterprises; the government should give service in three respects, such as institution formulation, preferential policies formulation and capital input. Capital input from the state is implemented by two way: supply capital to state-owned enterprises and supply risk subsidy to all enterprises. It is inadvisable to use the traditional way of setting up new projects and examination and approval, in this way mineral resource prospecting projects usually are managed directly by government.