半导体产业与科技创新体系的协同互促：国际对比与启示

国际经验表明半导体产业的发展需要科技创新体系的有力支撑，而半导体产业科技创新体系的演化是各类综合因素作用的结果。以美国为例梳理了该国半导体产业与科技创新主体（军方、政府、企业、高校、中介组织）、科技创新环境要素（政策体系、法律体系、人才体系、资金体系）协同互促的实践历程。通过对美国、日本和韩国的实践经验进行对比分析，总结出对中国半导体产业发展的有益启示：因时制宜发挥政府与市场的作用，加快科技创新活动法制建设、完善国家科技创新法律体系，建立并完善多元化、多层次的投融资机制，将人才引育置于优先地位，构建高效务实的合作伙伴关系。

The Synergy and Promotion of Semiconductor Industry and Technological Innovation System: International Comparison and Inspiration

International experience has shown that the development of the semiconductor industry requires strong support from a technological innovation system, and the evolution of the semiconductor industry’s technological innovation system is the result of various comprehensive factors. Taking the United States as an example, this article summarizes the practical process of the synergy and mutual promotion between the semiconductor industry, technological innovation entities (military, government, enterprises, universities, intermediary organizations),and technological innovation environment elements (policy system, legal system, talent system, funding system) in the country. By comparing and analyzing the practical experiences of the United States, Japan, and South Korea, Summarize beneficial insights for the development of China’s semiconductor industry: Play the role of the government and market in a timely manner, accelerate the legal construction of scientific and technological innovation activities, improve the national legal system for scientific and technological innovation, establish and improve diversified and multi-level investment and financing mechanisms, prioritize talent cultivation, and build efficient and pragmatic partnerships.