欠发达地区城市群金融机构空间演化特征及影响因素——以中原城市群为例

基于国家企业信用信息登记系统的金融机构微观数据,综合运用NNI、Ripley’s K函数和空间热点聚类等方法,研究1998、2008、2018年中原城市群金融机构空间格局、集聚特征及热点分区,采用泊松回归模型研究中原城市群金融机构空间集聚的主要影响因素。研究发现:(1)中原城市群金融机构空间分布不均衡,金融机构总体和细分行业均呈现出显著的空间集聚特征。(2)空间集聚程度随着地理距离的增加先增强后减弱,金融机构的热点区主要集中在郑州—焦作—新乡和邯郸—邢台—安阳为核心的集聚区。(3)城乡居民储蓄是中原城市群金融机构集聚的核心影响因素,经济发展水平、对外交通联系、政府行为等因素的影响程度不断增强,人力资源、科技投入、对外开放水平的影响较弱。(4)作为内陆欠发达地区的城市群,中原城市群与其他城市群一致,作为高端服务业的金融业倾向于布局在高等级城市,但是由于经济发展水平和发展阶段的影响,其金融机构集聚的影响因素与其他城市群有较大差异。

Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Financial Institutions in Undeveloped Areas:A Case Study of the Urban Agglomerations in the Central Plains

Based on the micro-data of financial enterprises in National Enterprise Credit Information Registration System in 1998、2008、2018, using the methods of the NNI, Ripley’s K function, space hot clustering analysis and Poisson regression,this paper studied the spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of financial institutions in urban agglomerations of the Central Plains. The findings can be summarized as follows: (1) The spatial distribution of the financial industry is not balanced in urban agglomerations of the Central Plains,and the overall and sub-industry samples of the financial industry show significant spatial agglomeration characteristics. (2) The degree of spatial agglomeration increases first and then decreases with the increase of geographical distance. The hotspot areas of financial industry mainly concentrate in the agglomeration areas taking Zhengzhou-Jiaozuo-Xinxiang and Handan-Xingtai-Anyang as the core. (3) Savings of urban and rural residents has always been the core factor of financial agglomeration in urban agglomerations of the Central Plains. The level of economic development, external transport and government behavior play more and more important roles. Human resources,investment in science and technology,and the level of opening to the outside world have a weak impact. (4) As an inland less developed urban agglomeration,urban agglomerations of the Central Plains are consistent with other urban agglomerations,because of the level and stage of economic development,the key influencing factors of financial agglomeration are quite different from other urban agglomerations.