有效需求规模假说、研发投入与国家自主创新能力

一国的有效需求规模可用三个基本维度(或要素)和三个补充维度来描述,其中基本要素经济总收入和人均收入的提高,会促进一国研发投入和自主创新能力的提升,而基本要素收入差距的扩大,会降低一国研发投入,并损害其自主创新能力;作为补充要素,进出口规模或开放度的提高对一国研发投入并没有影响,但它可以提升一国研发投入的使用效率和自主创新能力。此外,本文还发现收入差距对一国研发投入和自主创新能力有着十分重要的决定性影响。在一定条件下,收入差距对一国自主创新能力的损害,超过了其他要素的可能影响。

A Hypothesis on Effective Demand Size,R&D Expenditure and National Innovation Capacity

From the angle of view of demand size, it is found that the increase of a country's total income, per capita income, and the size of import and export trade, promotes its R&D expenditure and national innovation capacity, but that the enlargement of income disparity of the country damages. Moreover, income disparity is found to be an important determinant to a country's innovation capacity.