The effects of a subsidy for grassland protection on livestock numbers,grazing intensity,and herders’ income in inner Mongolia |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Finance and Economics, Georgia Southern University, GA 30458, USA;2. Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Auburn University, AL, 36849, USA;3. School of Forestry & Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA;4. College of Economics and Management, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, 010019, PR China;1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;3. College of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Dali University, Dali 671003, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;2. Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China;3. Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China;1. College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;1. Institute of Soil Landscape Research, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Muencheberg, Germany;2. Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, Germany;3. Institute of Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Germany;4. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China;5. Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Department für Ökologie und Ökosystemmanagement, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Technische Universität München, D-85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany;6. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China;7. Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany;8. International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya;9. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China;1. Department of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7013, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden;2. Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Goettingen, Platz der Göttinger Sieben 5, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany;3. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720 - 3110 Berkeley, United States |
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| Abstract: | Primary data from 262 pastoral households in Inner Mongolia are analyzed to determine the effects of a subsidy for grassland protection on livestock numbers, grazing intensity, and herders’ income. Econometric models are estimated to determine the effects of the subsidy on each component of the intensity ratio (sheep-equivalent livestock units and grassland). Results suggest the subsidy increased the quantity of grassland controlled by the household. However, the effects on livestock units are mixed, with two of the four studied prefectures (Ordos and Ulanqab) showing a positive response, and two (Hulunbuir and Xilingol) showing a negative response. Inserting the parameter estimates from the livestock, grassland, and income functions into a structural model of grazing intensity, results suggest each 1% increase in subsidy reduces grazing intensity by between 0.168% and 0.532% depending on the prefecture, and increases herders’ income by between 0.144% and 0.670%. By way of comparison, each additional year of education increases herders’ income by 8.7% and reduces grazing intensity by 3.6%. Thus, education is not to be overlooked as a policy tool for achieving conservation goals. |
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| Keywords: | Grassland policy Grazing intensity Government subsidy Inner Mongolia |
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