基于“全成本”比较优势的对外贸易政策分析

包括生产成本、交易成本、环境成本和代际成本在内的"全成本"构成了一国参与国际分工和贸易比较优势的基础。一国政府在对外贸易发展中应坚持"以系统观念认识对外贸易中的成本和效益"为基本原则,具体策略则包括:理性参与国际分工,谋求基于生产成本的比较优势;制度创新和其他手段密切配合,谋求基于交易成本的比较优势;逐步完善环境价格形成机制,谋求基于环境成本的比较优势;坚持可持续发展理念,谋求基于代际成本的比较优势。

Analysis of Foreign Trade Policy Based on "Full Cost" Comparative Advantage

"Full cost" which includes production costs,transaction costs,environmental costs and inter-generational costs is the foundation of a country’s comparative advantage when participating in international labor division and international trade.The government of a country should adopt "understanding the costs and benefits of foreign trade with system concept" as the fundamental principle in the process of developing its foreign trade.The specific strategies include: rationally participating in the international division of labor to seek comparative advantage based on production costs;closely integrating institutional innovation with other means to seek comparative advantage based on transaction costs;gradually improving the environmental pricing mechanism to seek comparative advantage based on environmental costs;adhering to the philosophy of sustainable development to seek comparative advantage based on inter-generational costs.