Engagement in entrepreneurship in emerging economies: Interactive effects of individual-level factors and institutional conditions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Ivey Business School, Western University, 1255 Western Road, London, ON, Canada N6G 0N1;2. Beedie School of Business, Simon Fraser University, 500 Granville Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6C 1W6;3. Goodman School of Business, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, Canada L2S 3A1;1. The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;2. Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;3. NUS Business School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117592, Singapore;1. Department of Management, Economics and Quantitative Methods, Bergamo University, Via Dei Caniana, 2, 24127 Bergamo, Italy;2. Department of Business Administration, Finance, Management and Law, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Bicocca degli Arcimboldi, 8, 20126 Milan, Italy;3. Department of International Business, Ulster University Business School, Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry Londonderry BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom;1. CERGAM, IAE Aix-en-Provence, Aix-Marseille Université & SKEMA Business School, Chemin de la Quille, Puyricard, 13 540 Aix-en-Provence, France;2. HaiDuong University, Le Thanh Nghi Street, HaiDuong City, Viet Nam;3. EMLYON Business School, Strategy and Organization Department, 23 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69 134 Ecully Cedex, France;1. Analytic Focus, LLC, San Antonio, USA;2. SolBridge International School of Business, South Korea;3. St. Mary''s University, San Antonio, USA;1. University of Leuven, Belgium;2. EDHEC Business School, France |
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| Abstract: | This paper examines individuals’ engagement in entrepreneurship in emerging economies. We conceive of such engagement as encompassing opportunity discovery, evaluation, and exploitation. We investigate the influence of individuals’ household income and level of education on their engagement in entrepreneurship, as well as the interaction effects between these individual-level factors and country-level regulatory, cognitive, and normative institutions. We test our hypotheses on a multi-source dataset from 22 emerging economies using a multilevel analysis technique. Our results indicate that the direct effect of individuals’ household income on their engagement in entrepreneurship is persistent, regardless of institutional conditions; but the influence of education level varies contingent upon various institutional conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Comparative international entrepreneurship Institutions Entrepreneurship in emerging economies Multilevel analysis |
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