土地政策和城市住房发展

本文首先分析了北京的住房市场 ,然后对住房价格的构成及其变化进行了分析 ,结合微观经济学理论 ,总结出北京市房价高的原因 ,即 ,(1)房地产开发过程中没有不变成本 ,因而没有规模经济 ;(2 )根据基准地价系统 ,容积率决定地价 ,这一方面与西方城市经济学理论相悖 ,另一方面使房地产商没有经济利益驱动 ,资源没有得到合理强度地利用。最后 ,本文提出了进一步改革的建议和对策。

Land policies and urban housing development

The housing market analysis in Beijing reveals that high housing prices are beyond the range of affordability of urban residents. After analyzing the cost components of housing development and their determination, the paper concludes that high housing prices in Beijing (also in other Chinese cities) are attributed to:(1) there is not fixed costs that should be independent of housing development scale; (2) floor-area ratio is a dominant factor in the land price calculation so that there is not economic incentive for developers to substitute land and capital inputs in order to maximize profits. Based on the analysis, the paper recommends the direction that future policy reform should be taken.