国内外工业生态工程及其比较分析

自20世纪60年代霍华德.T.奥德姆提出生态工程以来,国内外学者开始关注产业生态工程的理论与方法。国外对企业生态工程的研究考虑自然与工程的因素较多,而国内则考虑经济、管理及社会人文因素等较多。国外企业生态工程研究方法前瞻性较强,国内的研究重视了系统与归纳总结。尽管国内外关于生态工程的概念还存在分歧,但生态工程理论与方法在产业经济等领域的应用却受到了重视。文章从企业生态工程的概念、认识、方法,以及企业生态工程建设模式等方面对比分析,剖析生态工程研究的局限性与不足。

Progress in Chinese and International Industrial Ecological Engineering Development

In recent years,industrial ecological engineering(IEE) becomes a hot topic since the concept of ecological engineering was first proposed by Howard T.Odum and his colleagues in 1960s.While the international IEE put more attentions on development and application of engineering design,eco-technology as well as the principles of natural and applied sciences,Chinese IEE integrates economic strategy,industrial planning,society management and public training in IEE constructions.In developed countries,an emphasis has been placing on development of advanced management regimes,innovative science and technology to facilitate IEE development,but Chinese industrial enterprise often adopt the existing management systems and technology to construct ecological engineering with limited resource input.Although the concept of industrial ecological engineering is not yet unified,the principles and practices of ecological engineering have been applied widely to develop and manage regional eco-industry.This paper reviews the concept,strategy,methods and models of the developments of industrial ecological engineering and their differences in IEE construction between Chinese and oversea.The authors discuss direction and limitations of international IEE studies.