基于人力资本理论的西方传统学徒制研究

人力资本投资收益的不确定导致全球性的“技工荒”，20世纪90年代西方发达国家重启学徒制来应对日益严重的“技工荒”和失业问题。传统学徒制在西方存续数百年，有一整套制度来解决人力资本投资收益不确定的问题，对们构建现代学徒制体系有很好的借鉴意义。制度属性的差异是传统学徒制与现代学徒制的根本分野，传统学徒制本质上是一种封建雇佣制度，徒工是师傅的廉价劳动力，其教育功能属于次要方面；现代学徒制的本质上是一种现代教育制度，是一种干中学、学中干的技能人才培养模式，雇佣关系不是现代学徒制的主要方面。

The Study on Traditional Apprenticeship abased on Human Capital Theory

The risk of human capital investment leads to the mechanic shortage. The western countries constructed apprenticeship to deal with the mechanic shortage in 1990s. The traditional apprenticeship had a lot of regulations to resist the risk of human capital investment. The difference between the traditional apprenticeship and the modern apprenticeship is nature of them. The traditional apprenticeship is a kind of employment system. The modern apprenticeshipis a kind of education system.