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Coordination Structures and System Restrictiveness in Distributed Group Support Systems
Authors:Youngjin Kim  Starr Roxanne Hiltz  Murray Turoff
Institution:(1) Graduate School of Business Administration, Fordham University, 113 West 60th Street, NY 10023, USA;(2) Department of Computer and Information Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
Abstract:Most GSS research has studied the impact of restricting group interaction to GSS-prescribed coordination structures with face-to-face groups, while Distributed GSS (DGSS) has been largely ignored. Due to the nature of mediated communication in asynchronous interaction, it is relatively difficult to coordinate distributed groups, and a special coordination structure must be arranged to overcome these difficulties. This study examines the effect of system restrictiveness of coordination structures in an asynchronous environment. A 2 × 2 factorial experiment was designed with two independent variables – sequential vs. parallel coordination mode, and with vs. without a leader – to construct coordination structures with varying degrees of restrictiveness. The study finds that less restrictive coordination structures are more appropriate to support asynchronously interacting distributed groups. Objective decision quality is equal for both parallel and sequential coordination mode, but is significantly better with a group leader. Groups with parallel coordination mode have a stronger belief that the decisions they made are of higher quality than those of groups with sequential coordination mode. In groups with a leader, communication effectiveness is better. Satisfaction with a decision process is higher in parallel coordination groups and in groups with a leader. There is also a significant interaction effect. Satisfaction with the decision process is higher in sequential coordination groups with a leader than sequential coordination groups without a leader.
Keywords:computer-mediated communication  coordination structure  distributed group support systems  individual and group decision making  leadership  system restrictiveness
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