中国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出的影响因素分析

国内外研究显示,一国对外直接投资具有技术寻求动机,而且普遍存在逆向技术溢出效应,但是针对对外直接投资逆向技术溢出的影响因素研究处于相对空白。本文以中国作为分析对象,从东道国的创新能力、国际技术传递渠道和中国的消化吸收能力3个方面归纳出中国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出的10个影响因素,建立偏最小二乘回归模型并运用辅助分析手段对这些因素进行了实证检验。结果发现:东道国的研发资本存量、人均国民收入和中国的GDP是影响中国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出的三大因素,真实汇率水平与我国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出负相关,而政府支持力度的影响很小,中国对外直接投资寻求逆向技术溢出主要还是企业的要求和行为。

The Influencing Factors Analysis on Reverse Technology Spillovers embodied In Outward Foreign Direct Investment:A Case of China

Studies have shown both at home and abroad that outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) has technology motivation and reverse technology spillovers effect,but the influencing factors of reverse technology spillovers embodied in OFDI are relatively blank.Based on the Chinese case,the paper divides the influencing factors into three parts:the host country′s innovation capability,international technology transmission channels and absorption capacity of the home country,setting up the Partial Least-Squares Regression Model and using the Supplementary Analysis Method to test.It was found by the empirical results that the host country′s R&D capital stock,the per capita national income and China′s GDP are the three most important factors,however,the real exchange rate is negative correlation and the effect of government support is small since China′s reverse technology spillovers embodied in OFDI are still the requirements and behavior of Chinese multinational companies.