Validating the usage of household food acquisition surveys to assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods: Evidence from Brazil |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;3. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;4. Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;5. Departamento de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;6. Statistics Division, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy;1. Department of Energy and Environment, TERI University, 10 Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201 312, India;3. Coca-Cola Department of Regional Water Studies, TERI University, 10 Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India;1. Bureau of Labor Statistics, United States;2. Department of Economics, Colby College, Waterville, ME, USA;1. University of Siena, Italy;2. University of the West of England, UK;3. Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Germany;1. Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA;2. Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH) and Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1201 Eye St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA;1. Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Canada;2. Centre for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Brazil;3. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil;1. Center for Food Studies of University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil;2. Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Our ability to research dietary changes over time and their effects on health is limited by challenges in accurately measuring food consumption. In countries where dietary surveys are scarce and rarely nationally representative, household budget surveys may serve as a useful alternative for assessing food consumption. The objective of this study was to evaluate how well household acquisition data reflects the actual intake of ultra-processed foods, using data from the 2008 to 2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The food acquisition module was conducted for all households selected for the survey (n = 55,970) and a subsample corresponding to 25% of the households (n = 13,569) was randomly selected for the individual food intake module, which was conducted for all individuals aged 10 years or older (n = 34,003). Ultra-processed foods were defined as formulations made by the food industry mostly or entirely from substances extracted from foods or obtained with the further processing of constituents of foods or through chemical synthesis, with little if any whole food. Examples included candies, cookies, chips, sugar-sweetened beverages, and ready-to-eat dishes. Our results showed an important agreement between the estimates of ultra-processed food consumption obtained from household acquisition data and individual intake inside-the-home data, particularly for the relative (% of total energy) consumption of these foods. Our study thus indicates that household budget surveys are quite promising for tracking population-level changes in the consumption of ultra-processed foods. The trend toward increased consumption of food away from home in other low- and middle-income countries indicates that future household budget surveys should include the collection of these data. |
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| Keywords: | Food consumption Ultra-processed food Indicators Surveys |
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