构建以环节为基础的差异化监管：众包速递平台安全管制革新

当前,我国众包速递平台大多注册为技术或信息服务公司,自认为是撮合用户与自由快递员的中介平台。结合对众包速递平台业务本质以及《中华人民共和国邮政法》第84条的法释义学分析,众包速递平台并非技术或信息服务公司,其从事的封装物品递送业务属于快递业务,不能以分拣环节的省略否认其快递性质。基于试错观察和管制均衡,有必要将众包速递平台纳入快递安全管制范畴,针对其寄递环节的非典型性配置管制工具,评估以备案制替代行政许可制的可行性,强化以自由快递员培训为重点的管理型管制,有针对性地设计实名收寄、收寄验视等技术标准管制,适度合理引入绩效管制,沿袭我国邮政业安全管制的路径依赖,以单独立法的方式构建针对我国众包速递平台的差异化监管模式。

Construction of Differential Supervision Based on Links:Discussion on Security Regulation Innovation of Crowdsourcing Express Platform

The current crowdsourcing express delivery platform is mostly registered as an information technology company,and it considers itself to be an intermediary platform for matchmaking users and free courier. Combining analysis of the nature of business and the legal interpretation of Article 84 of the"Postal Law",the package delivery service that the crowdsourcing express platform engages in belongs to express delivery,and the omission of the "sorting" link cannot be used to deny its express delivery properties. Based on the "trial and error" observation and balanced control,it is necessary to include the crowdsourcing express delivery platform in the security control scope of express delivery. For its typical features,we should configure control tools,evaluate the feasibility of replacing administrative licenses with records,strengthen management-oriented controls focusing on training obligations,formulate targeted technology-based regulation for real-name acceptance and acceptance inspection,and rationally introduce performance-based regulation through separate legislation,and so on.