城市旅游社会承载力研究——以义乌市为例

旅游业已经成为城市经济发展的引擎，对城市经济的发展具有显著的拉动作用，但是，随着旅游业的发展，对城市环境的压力也越来越大，城市对旅游业的承载力问题开始凸显。以义乌市为例，有59％的市民认为旅游业带来社会效益大于经济效益，在改善城市基础设施、完善城市功能、美化城市环境、便利市民生活、开阔眼界等方面价值比其经济价值更显重要；有23．8％的居民认为义乌流动人口过多给城市环境带来了负面影响，并给社会带来不安定的因素，严重影响到了他们的日常生活。多数居民认为，义乌市在旅游方面社会容量潜力较大，整体旅游环境保护尚可，但存在强度不均情况，休闲旅游和文化旅游市场有待进一步开发问题。

Study on Social Capacity of City Tourism from Yiwu City

Tourism has become an engine of developing city economy, and promoted significant pulling effects on it. With the devdopment of tourism industry, however, it brings more pressure on city environment and its capacity on tourism becomes serious. Taking Yiwu as an example, 59% of its citizens think that tourism brings more social benefits than economic benefits, especially in improving city infrastraeture and function, beautifying city environment, easing people＇s life, and broadening their horizon; 23.8% of them hold that exces- sively recurrent population has negative effect on city environment, causes the society unstable, and seriously influence their daily life. Most citizens believe that their city has greater potentials in social capacity of tourism, and the whole tourism environment is better in protectian, but there still exist the problems of uneven development, i.e. expecting further development in leisure tourism and cultural tourism.