建国初期中苏农业科学技术合作初探

从1949年8月到1960年8月，中国和苏联两国政府在特定历史背景下进行了农业科学技术全面合作。早期合作主要通过外交途径进行；中后期合作则主要通过非外交途径进行，在此期间，成立了中苏科学技术委员会，签署了“122项协定”并建立了两国农业科学院之问的直接合作关系。中苏农业科学技术的合作方式及内容主要包括：聘请苏联顾问、专家，互派留学生，专家互访与交流，交换种子苗木、书刊资料、信息情报，引进畜牧、作物良种及农机具等。建国初期中苏农业科学技术合作对中国农业发展产生了深远影响。

Research on scientific and technological cooperation in agriculture sector between China and the former USSR in the early days of the P.R.C

Scientific and technological cooperation in agriculture sector between governments in both China and the former USSR was in full swing during the given historical period from August 1949 to August 1960. Cooperation in the early stage was mainly carried out through diplomatic channels. Later, non-diplomatic channels prevailed, with Sino-USSR science and technology council, the Agreement on 122 items and direct cooperation between the academies of agriculture sciences in both countries all playing an active role. The main contents of the cooperation was to retain consultants and experts from USSR, to exchange students and visiting scholars, to exchange seed, seedling, books, periodicals, information and to introduce new varieties and farm tools from USSR. Scientific and technological cooperation in agriculture sector between China and the former USSR in the early days of the P.R.C has far-reaching influences on the development of agriculture in Chin a.