西周农官制度探析

西周农官名称繁多,但由于农官称谓不固定、官称区分不清晰、农官职能不稳固、农官权限不明确,在他们的统属关系和权限划分上略显混杂。与较低的生产力水平及生产过程的对抗性相适应,西周农官对农业生产主要采取直接指挥监督的管理方式。当时大夫以上级别的农官由特定家族世代承袭,保证其认真履职的手段主要是加强监督。下层农官则由选举产生,并通过考绩决定其升降奖惩。

On the Agricultural Official System in Western Zhou Dynasty

The agricultural officials are numerous in Western Zhou dynasty. But their division of authority and command relations is somewhat mixed, for the title of agricultural official is not fix, the distinction of titles is not clear, the function of agricultural official is not stable, and the authority of agricultural official is not definite. Adapt to the low level of productivity and the confrontation in production process, agricultural officials mainly take direct command on agricultural management. The agri...