农业有机废弃物能源化对化学农业负外部性纠正研究

针对化学农业的负外部性,利用能值理论建立了基于农业生态需求的农业外部性分析模式。理论分析表明,在兼顾粮食产量目标时,农业有机废弃物能源化、生态化可以从源头纠正化学农业的负外部性。以涟水县高沟镇为例的实证分析表明,通过60%的化肥替代,农业有机废弃物能源化可以纠正85.49%的化学农业负外部性。较之“税费”“标准”“行政监管”等手段,通过产业政策手段将农业补贴政策聚焦于农业有机废弃物能源化生态补偿是一种科学性与现实性较强的政策选择。

Study on the Correction of Negative Externalities of Chemical Agriculture by the Energy Utilization of Agricultural Organic Waste

Chemical agriculture has obvious negative externalities,which makes it difficult to neutralize the contradiction between food security and ecological security.In this paper,the energy theory is used to establish an analysis model of agricultural externality based on agriculturally ecological demand.Theoretical analysis shows that the energy and ecological utilization of agricultural organic waste can greatly correct the negative externalities of chemical agriculture while ensuring the grain yield.Taking Gaogou Town of Lianshui County as an example,the empirical analysis shows that the energy utilization of agricultural organic waste can correct 85.49%of the negative externalities of chemical agriculture by 60%of chemical fertilizer replacement.Compared with the“tax”,“standard”,“administrative supervision”and other means,it is a scientific and practical policy choice to focus the agricultural subsidy policy on the ecological compensation of the energy utilization of agricultural organic waste.