权力导向型监管:美国消费金融监管的经验与启示

权力导向型监管模式有利于矫正市场的力量对比失衡,建立长效稳定的外部监督机制。从金融消费者教育、市场环境净化和非正式制度向正式制度演变的现实需要来看,权力导向型监管具有正当性。美国监管经验表明:良好的消费信用监管与权威意志紧密相连,并以完善信用基础设施、监管科技和法律闭环为监管要义。中国消费金融监管面临着威慑有余、手段欠佳和监管滞后的现状。优化监管决策的信息供给、完善监管方式、创新监管出路等方式,有助于改良监管权力的配置和运行程序,重构中国消费金融的监管格局。

Power-Oriented Supervision: Experience and Enlightenment of American Consumer Finance Supervision

The power-oriented supervision mode is conducive to correcting the imbalance in market forces and establishing a long-term and stable external supervision mechanism.From the practical needs of financial consumer education,market environment purification and the evolution from informal system to formal system,the power-oriented supervision is justified.The regulatory experience of the United States shows that good consumer credit regulation is closely linked with the will of authority,and the regulatory essentials are to improve the credit infrastructure,regulatory technology and legal closed loop.China’s consumer finance supervision faces the problems of excessive deterrence,poor regulatory means and lagging supervision.Optimizing the information supply of regulatory decision-making,improving regulatory methods and innovating regulatory outlets will help improve the allocation and operation procedures of regulatory power,and reconstruct the regulatory pattern of China’s consumer finance.