两轮“民工荒”的比较分析与启示

本文根据相关数据和报道,基于发生的背景,从缺工的地区、行业、企业、工种等角度对比分析两轮民工荒的差异。通过比较发现,经济发展和企业订单增加是导致两轮民工荒发生的相同的直接原因;而低工资、低成本、外向型的经济增长模式是导致两轮民工荒发生的相同的深层次原因;户籍制度、各种保障制度的严重缺陷是两轮民工荒的重要原因。两轮民工荒折射出农民工主体及价值观念变化很大,惠农政策效果更加显现,区域格局发生更大变化,劳动力分流更加明显;但也揭示了企业的用工模式、管理体制没有改进;说明了劳动力市场不完善,发展步伐缓慢。两轮民工荒启示我们必须加大人力资本投入,将我国的人口红利从数量向质量转变,必须加快经济增长方式的转型,实现经济的可持续发展。

The Comparative Analysis and the Enlightenment of the Two Rounds Peasant Worker Shortage

According to the data and reports,this paper comparatively analyzed differences of the two rounds of peasant worker shortage from aspects of backgrounds,areas,industries,enterprises,occupations,of the peasant worker shortage.It can be seen that the direct reasons of the two rounds of the shortage were development of economic and the growth of business orders,and the deep reasons were the low-wage,low-cost and export-oriented model of economic growth;and that the important reasons was the serious limitation ...