中国基本公共服务均等化的原则和对策研究

基本公共服务均等化体现了一国公民最基本的生存权和发展权,是服务型政府的首要职责。推进基本公共服务均等化应坚持公共服务的公平正义原则,财权与事权相统一,保障供给的原则,财力与能力相对称,底线公平的原则,渐进式推进原则,政府主导、社会参与的原则。依据这些原则,需要进一步分阶段实施,层层推进,健全城乡发展一体化体制机制,建设法治政府和公共服务型政府,深化公共财政制度改革,完善分税制预算管理体制,加快收入分配制度改革,并实现公共服务供给主体的多元化。

Principles and Countermeasures of Equalization of Basic Public Services in China

Equalization of basic public services shows citizens＇ fundamental rights to survival and to develop in a country; it is a principal function of a service-oriented government. To promote the equalization of basic public services, it is suggested to adhere to the principle of fairness and justice of public services and unify financial power and administrative authority, to uphold the principle of ensuring supply and balance financial resources and capabilities, to stick to the principles of fair bottom line and gradual promotion, and to persist in the government-led and whole society-involved principle. Based on the above principles, the following measures should be taken to ensure the equalization of basic public services in China： implementing the equalization by stages and promoting it at every level, perfecting the system and mechanism of integrating urban and rural development, constructing a law-ruled and public service-oriented government, deepening the reformation of public financial system, improving the tax-sharing budget management system, accelerating the reform in income distribution system, and realizing the diversification of public service suppliers.