农户向家庭农场流转土地的续约意愿及影响因素研究

当前,农地流转期限普遍较短、流转合同不规范、合同违约率高等问题导致家庭农场土地经营权不稳定,严重抑制了家庭农场主对流入土地的长期投入。因此,如何引导农户向家庭农场长期稳定地流转土地,成为推动家庭农场可持续发展的关键所在。本文基于湖南省498家农户土地流转数据,运用计划行为理论和结构方程模型分析了农户向家庭农场流转土地的续约意愿及其影响因素。研究结果表明:①在农户向家庭农场流转土地的续约意愿模型中,行为态度是主要影响因素,主观行为规范和知觉行为控制也是重要影响因素;②在农户行为态度方面,农户对土地流转预期收益越有信心,或农户对家庭农场上一轮土地流转行为越满意,在此基础上构建起的行为态度越能促进农户土地流转续约意愿的形成;③在主观行为规范方面,当农户感知到来自周围的人特别是亲人对农户续约的支持态度越强烈,在此基础上构建的主观行为规范越能促进农户土地流转续约意愿的形成;④在知觉行为控制方面,农户对农户禀赋和环境禀赋两方面的感知会影响农户土地流转续约意愿的形成,其中户主工作性质和上一轮流转期限影响最大。

A Study on Contract Extension Willingness and Influencing Factors of Land Transfer from Farmers to Family Farms

At present,some problems exist such as short term of farmland transfer,a lack of contract standardization and a high rate of contract default,which leads to the instability of land management right of family farms.It seriously inhibits the long-term investment of family farmers into land.Therefore,how to steadily guide farmers to transfer land to family farms has become the key to promote the sustainable development of family farms.Based on the survey data of land transfer from 498 farmers in Hunan Province,this article utilizes the planned behavior theory and structural equation model to analyze the willingness of farmers to renew their land transfer to family farms and its influencing factors.The results reveal that,first,in the contract extension model of farmers’land transfer,behavior attitude is the main influencing factor,and subjective norms and perceptual behavior control are also significant influencing factors.Second,in terms of farmers’behavior attitude,the more confidence farmers have on expected earning of land transfer,or the more satisfied farmers become with the previous round of land transfer behavior of family farms,the more possibility there exists that behavior attitude constructed on this basis can promote the formation of farmers’willingness to renew contract.Third,in terms of subjective norms,the more support farmers perceive from their surrounding people especially their relatives on contract extension,the more possibility there exists that subjective norms constructed on this basis can promote the formation of farmers’willingness to renew contract.Fourth,in terms of perceptual behavior control,farmers’perception about farmer endowment and environmental endowment will affect the formation of farmers’willingness to renew contract,among which the work nature of farmers and previous transfer period have the greatest impact.