土地流转的创业效应——基于内生转换Probit模型的实证分析

土地资源的有效利用是农村经济发展的根本要求。基于中国家庭追踪调查6581个农村样本数据,本文采用内生转换Probit模型,在考虑和修正样本选择性偏误的基础上,实证检验了土地转出和转入的影响因素以及土地转出和转入对农民创业影响的异质性作用机理。研究结果表明:第一,房产市价、金融产品、商业保费和藏书量等因素对农民土地转出有显著正向影响,家庭人口数、距离和藏书量等变量对农民土地转入有显著正向影响。第二,土地转出和转入对农民创业都有显著正向影响,但土地转入的创业效应更大。第三,土地转出对新生代农民的创业效应比对老一代农民大,土地转入对老一代农民的创业效应比对新生代农民大;土地转出对东北地区农民的创业效应最大,土地转入对东部地区农民的创业效应最大。因此,要以土地转入驱动转出,鼓励农民积极参与土地流转,促进农民创业。

The Impacts of Land Rental Market Participation on Entrepreneurship:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Endogenous Switching Probit Model

The land use efficiency is fundamental to rural economic development.Based on the 6581 samples from a nationally representative survey of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this study employs an endogenous switching probit model to examine the determinants of land rented-out and rented-in and their impacts on farmers’entrepreneurship.After controlling the selection bias,the results show that house value,financial production,insurance premium and the number of collected books have a significant positive impact on land rented-out,while the number of family members,distance and the number of collected books exert positive effects on land rented-in.Both land rented-out and rented-in have a significant positive impact on farmers’entrepreneurship,but the effect of land rented-in on entrepreneurship is greater than that of land rented-out.The entrepreneurial effect of land rented-out is greater for younger farmers and those who reside in Northeast China,while the entrepreneurial effect of land rented-in is greater for the old generation of farmers and farmers who reside in East China.Therefore,the Chinese government should encourage farmers to actively participate in the land rental market and promote their entrepreneurship.