TPP关于投资者—国家争端解决的最新规制及其对中国的影响

投资者—国家仲裁机制作为国际投资争端解决的主要途径之一,在TPP协定中具有举足轻重的作用,势必在未来各国愈加频繁的经贸交往中产生重要而深远的影响。其条文本身在2012年美国BIT范本的基础上作了改进,采取多种形式限制仲裁庭管辖权,兼顾发展中国家的利益诉求,试图平衡国家与投资者的利益,同时为投资仲裁裁决执行扫清障碍,从而增强了投资者与国家仲裁的信心。面对TPP投资者—国家争端解决条款的最新规制,除了审视其与中国条约立法实践中的差距与不足之外,中国应继续完善投资争议国内救济手段,尽早颁布中国国家豁免法,采取一系列必要的应对法律措施,以减轻TPP新规则可能对中国带来的影响。

The Newest Progress of TPP Regulation on Investor-State Dispute Settlement and China's Strategy

Investor-State arbitration system, one of the main ways to settle investment disputes, not only plays an important role in TPP text but also may generate substantial and vital influence during the process of frequent trade among nations. The contents of the rules have been improved on the basis of the 2012 U.S. BIT model. Actually, TPP uses a variety of forms of restrictions on the jurisdiction of the arbitration tribunal, tries to balance the benefits between states and investors, takes into account the interests of developing countries and clears away all the obstacles for enforcement of investment arbitral awards. Facing the latest regulations on investor-state dispute settlement, it is necessary to take a set of essential corresponding measures, such as examining the difference and disparity between TPP and the legislative practice of Chinese treaties, keeping consummating domestic remedy system for investment disputes and enacting the state immunity law, in order to diminish negative impacts from TPP on China.