行业劳动收入份额的影响因素与差距：基于卡莱斯基理论的解析

卡莱斯基从工业制品的定价模式出发,提出了垄断程度决定工资份额的理论.本文以此为基础,首先把行业工资份额的决定归结为行业的价格加成率、技术构成和工资率等直接变量,分析了各直接变量的影响因素,评述了卡莱斯基理论的进步性与局限性；其次利用中国工业细分行业的面板数据,把行业劳动收入份额的差距解析为价格加成率、技术构成和工资率的差距,并验证了直接变量的影响因素；最后就中国的国有企业改革、产业结构升级和收入分配改善等问题提出了若干建议.

Gap Decomposition and Determinants of Industry Labor Share: An Analysis Based on Kaleckian Theory

Kalecki asserts that degree of monopoly determines wage share based on pricing rules of finished goods.Following the Kaleckian approach,the paper figures out the markup,technology composition and wage rate as the direct determining variables of industry wage share,analyses the further determinants of the direct variables and evaluates the merits and shortcomings of Kaleckian theories.Utilizing industry panel data of China,the paper decomposes the labor share gaps among industries into the gaps of markup,technology composition and wage rate,tests the determinants of the variables,and finally puts forward some implications and suggestions on distribution improvement,reform of state-owned enterprises and upgrading of industry structure.