两种政治概念之比较：卡尔·施密特与汉娜·阿伦特

作为20世纪重要的两位政治思想家，卡尔·施密特和汉娜·阿伦特关于政治概念的界定缘于不同的政治理论和政治实践。施密特的政治概念源于对霍布斯国家学说的反思和扬弃，阿伦特的政治概念则是对古典城邦政治经验的借鉴。施密特的政治决断论认为“敌友之划分”是界定政治的标准，明显地对抗多元主义与自由主义的政治概念。阿伦特的公民行动理论则彰显了政治自由和平等的概念以及在公共空间中言与行的共享意涵，蕴含了“参与式民主”的元素。但二者均肯定政治的极端重要性，构筑政治概念的绝对化倾向，遵循现代性的“分离原则”，对现代政治行为和政治思想都具有重大的现实意义。

Comparison on Political Concept between Carl Schmitt and Hannah Arendt

As two of the most important political thinkers in the twentieth century, Karl Sehmitt and Hannah Arendt＇ s political con- cept due to different political theory and practice. Karl Sehmidt＇ s political concept was originated from the reflection and discarded of Hobbes＇ theory of the state, but Hannah Arendt＇ s political concept is refer to the political experience of classical city- state. Karl Schmidt~ political decisions theory thought that＂the division of friends and enemies＂ is the standards to define political, obviously against political concept of pluralism and liberal. Hannah Arendt＇ s civil action theory reveals the concept of political freedom and equality, and the sharing meanings of words and deeds in the public space, containing the element of ＂participatory democracy＂. But both of them affirmed utmost importance of political, constructed the concept of political absolutism, followed the separation principle of modernity, and they also have the significant practical significance in modem political behavior and political thought.