公司治理结构能缓解非效率投资吗?——来自上市公司的证据

本文以上海证券交易所的上市公司为样本,选取2004—2008年共计2 063家公司数据进行回归分析,考察公司治理结构对非效率投资的影响。文章建立两个基本回归模型,通过模型1利用残差法将全部样本分成过度投资样本组和投资不足样本组;在模型1的分组基础上,建立不同形式的模型2分别就公司治理结构(股权结构和董事会结构)对上市公司的过度投资行为和投资不足行为的影响进行回归分析。实证结果表明:(1)第一大股东持股与过度投资行为呈N型曲线关系,而第一大股东对投资不足行为具有积极的治理作用,同时,控股股东性质与公司的非效率投资行为不显著相关。(2)第二到第五股东持股形成的股权制衡机制失效,无法改善公司非效率投资行为。另外,我们并没有发现董事会对非效率投资的约束功能:(1)随着董事会规模的扩大,董事会治理趋于无效,未能制约公司的非效率投资行为;(2)独立董事机制也是无效的,同样无法缓解公司非效率投资行为。

Can Corporate Governance Structure Ease Inefficient Investment: Evidence from the Chinese Public Corporation

This paper investigates 2063 public corporates listing in SHSE from 2004 to 2008,dividing the overall sample into two groups by residual,check the relationship among ownership structure,board structure and inefficient investment.Our empirical results show that no matter the final controller of the public corporate is state-owned or non-state,there is an N-shaped relationship between the largest shareholding and overinvestment,and the largest shareholder has the positive impact on dealing with underinvestment.With the board size increasing,the investment tends to be inefficient.In our country,the effect on inefficient investment of second to fifth shareholder and the independent director system are ineffective.