基于环境约束的中国矿业城市工业用地效率评价

研究目的:分析2000—2015年110个矿业城市工业用地效率,探讨其影响因素及优化路径。研究方法:基于非期望产出的方向距离函数,Malmquist-Luenberger模型,GIS空间制图方法。研究结果:(1)矿业城市工业用地效率处于中等效率水平且呈下滑态势,高效率矿业城市集中在苏鲁浙皖、蒙陕地区,低效率矿业城市集中在山西、甘肃西部、云贵及东北地区;(2)油气型城市生产率最高,有色金属型最低,煤炭型偏重技术进步,非金属型、黑色金属型和综合型偏重管理效率改进;(3)不同矿业职能、不同规模等级矿业城市工业用地效率的影响因子各有差异。研究结论:针对不同类型矿业城市,采取差异化路径来提升工业用地效率。

Evaluation on Industrial Land Use Efficiency of Mining Cities in China based on Environmental Constraints

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the industrial land use efficiency of 110 mining cities from 2000 to 2015, and to explore its impact factors and optimizing path. The methods of the directional distance function(DDF), undesirable outputs, Malmquist exponential model and GIS spatial mapping method. The research results show that: 1) from 2000 to 2015, the industrial land use efficiency of mining cities is at a moderate level, and shows fluctuating decline trend. The efficient mining cities are concentrated in the provinces of Jiangsu-Shandong-Zhejang-Anhui area and Shanxi-Inner Mongolia area, and the low-efficient mining cities are concentrated in Shanxi, western Gansu, Yunnan-Guizhou area and the northeast region. As for the types, in high grade cities of the east and west, especially in gas-type and nonmetallic cities, the industrial land use efficiency is relatively high. 2)The total factor productivity of mining cities is both affected by technical efficiency change and technological change. Particularly, the total factor productivity of gas-type cities is the highest, which has advantages in technical efficiency change and technological change. Coal-type cities stress technological change. Nonmetallic, ferrous-metal type and comprehensive cities stress technical efficiency change. Nonferrous metal cities have the lowest productivity. 3)The impact factors of industrial land use efficiency in mining cities with different mining functions and scale grades are different. In conclusion, we should take the different paths to improve the industrial land use efficiency of mining cities.